Well, there is actually not much of a difference at all. Both earthquakes and starquakes are acoustic waves travelling through either the crust of the earth or below the surface of the Sun – and in fact some of the most effective methods for analysing sunquakes are developed from methods used on earthquakes!
Unlike the earth however, the Suns surface is not solid (it is formed of plasma), so is constantly in motion. Also, the Sun does not have tectonic plates, the movement of which is the cause of earthquakes. So, the Sun needs some other event to cause the quake, and this is commonly in the form of solar flares, which are huge explosions of energy on the surface caused by the Suns magnetic field.
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